Monthly Income Plans are a good option for risk averse investors who are looking for a higher return and more liquid alternative to Fixed Deposits. We also present a list of best MIP mutual fund schemes for 2010
What is a Monthly Income Plan (MIP) mutual fund?
Primarily, MIP of mutual fund is a debt-oriented scheme that generally invests up to 75-80% of its corpus in debt instruments and the remaining in equity instruments. MIPs aim to provide investors with regular pay-outs (though dividends) - although it is not mandatory for the mutual fund scheme as dividends are paid at the discretion of the fund house and subject to availability of distributable surplus.
Investment Objective
MIP aims to provide reasonable returns on a monthly basis through investment in debt as well as a small portion in equities. They invest predominantly in interest yielding debt instruments (commercial paper, certificate of deposits, government securities and treasury bills). The debt investments ensure stability and consistency while the equity instruments in the portfolio boost the returns. MIPs are market-linked (to the extent of their equity portfolio).
Risk – Associated with debt assets in the portfolio: MIPs are affected by interest rate changes in the economy (due to majority investment in debt instruments) as explained below:
When interest rates (in the economy) fall: NAV of MIPs rises (due to increase in bond prices);
When interest rates rise (as in the current scenario): NAV of MIPs fall; this is when MIPs look to the equity portion in the portfolio to sustain returns.
Associated with equity assets in the portfolio: Since MIPs are market-linked (to the extent of their equity portfolio – which is generally 15-20%), they are less risky than balanced funds (that usually have a 60-70% exposure to equities) but riskier than pure debt funds/income funds (income funds invest only in pure debt securities). As no one can accurately forecast how the equity and debt markets will behave over any reasonable period, this raises the risk of capital erosion and non-payment of dividend for investors. Most MIP fund managers have been notorious in the past for increasing their equity exposure to up to 30% when they were bullish about the stock market. While this may boost the overall returns of the fund during a bull market, the fund NAV may take a beating during market fall.
An investor must evaluate the structure of the equity portfolio and invest only if the risk levels are acceptable.
Return: MIPs aim to provide steady returns with limited volatility. In the past 3 years, most MIPs have provided average returns in the range of 12-13%.
Tenure: MIPs are ideal for investment horizon of 2-3 years.
Taxability: MIPs being debt mutual funds, a dividend distribution tax (DDT) of 12.867% is levied.
If you sell the fund units before a year and there is a gain, short-term capital gains (STCG) tax is applicable - the net gain will be added to current taxable income and tax will be levied as per your personal income tax slab. If you sell units after a year and there is a gain, a long-term capital gains (LTCG) tax is applicable - 10% tax will be levied (without indexation benefit) or 20% tax with indexation benefit, whichever is lower.
Who should invest?
Conservative investors who are looking for better returns than bank FDs, mutual fund MIP could be a good option. Although monthly returns cannot be guaranteed, one can bank on them for a steady income.
Best MIPs
Data as on Apr 26th 2010, source: ValueResearch
Alternatives to mutual fund MIPs:
Alternatives to mutual fund MIPs are bank term deposits, post-office MIP, Fixed Maturity Plans (FMPs).
Conclusion -
MIPs cannot assure you uninterrupted monthly income. The monthly dividends are subject to interest rate fluctuations and even market volatility (with the increasing exposure to equities). However, mutual fund MIPs score over ‘regular-income products’ on two fronts: returns and tax efficiency.
They can be an investment alternative for senior citizens looking for regular income beyond fixed deposits. They are also a preferred choice for risk-averse investors wanting to enter the stock market with limited exposure.
However, do not depend only on MIPs of mutual funds for regular income. Instead, invest in a mix of assets to limit the loss from any one investment.
The author Priya Rao is a CFP Certified Financial Planner.
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